The full English name of IP is: Ingress Protection, which is used to measure the protection level of items against dirt, dust, liquids and other substances.
IP waterproof grades are divided into IPX0, IPX1, IPX2, IPX3, IPX4, IPX5, IPX6, IPX7, IPX8 respectively.
IP dust – proof grades are divided into: IP0X, IP1X, IP2X, IP3X, IP4X, IP5X, IP6X respectively.
Common waterproof grades include: IP65, IPX4, IPX5, IP68, IP67.
Waterproof test 1. Scope: The waterproof test includes **bit characteristic numbers from 1 to 8, that is, the protection level codes are IPX1 to IPX8.
(1) IPX1
Method name: Vertical dripping test
Place the sample in its normal working position on a rotating sample stage with a speed of 1r/min. The distance from the top of the sample to the dripping port is not more than 200mm.
Test conditions: The water dripping amount is 10 ± 0.5 mm/min;
Test duration: 10 min;
(2) IPX2
Method name: Dripping test with 15° inclination
Make one surface of the sample form a 15° angle with the vertical line, and the distance from the top of the sample to the dripping port is not more than 200mm. After testing one surface, change to another surface, and do this four times in total.
Test conditions: The water dripping amount is 30 ± 0.5 mm/min;
Test duration: 4 × 2.5 min (10 min in total);
(3) IPX3
Method name: Sprinkling test
Test methods
a. Pendulum tube sprinkling test
Test equipment: Pendulum tube sprinkling and splashing test equipment
Select a pendulum tube with an appropriate radius, so that the height of the sample table is at the diameter position of the pendulum tube. Place the sample on the sample table, so that the distance from its top to the water spray port of the sample is not more than 200mm, and the sample table does not rotate.
Test conditions: The water flow is calculated according to the number of water spray holes of the pendulum tube, with each hole being 0.07 L/min. When sprinkling water, the water sprayed from the spray holes within the 60° arc segment on both sides of the midpoint of the pendulum tube is sprayed towards the sample. The tested sample is placed in the center of the semicircle of the pendulum tube. The pendulum tube swings 60° on both sides of the vertical line, totaling 120°. Each swing (2 × 120°) takes about 4s.
Test time: Continuous sprinkling for 10 min.
b. Sprinkler – type sprinkling test
Sample placement: Make the parallel distance from the top of the test to the water spray port of the hand – held sprinkler be between 300mm and 500mm.
Test conditions: A baffle with a balancing weight should be installed during the test, and the water flow is 10L/min.
Test time: Calculated according to the surface area of the tested sample shell, 1min per square meter (excluding the installation area), *at least 5 min.
(4) IPX4
Method name: Splashing test;
Test methods:
a. Pendulum tube splashing test
Test equipment and sample placement: The same as those in item (3) IPX3 a.
Test conditions: The water spray area is that the water sprayed from the spray holes within the 90° arc segment on both sides of the midpoint of the pendulum tube is sprayed towards the sample. The tested sample is placed in the center of the semicircle of the pendulum tube. The pendulum tube swings 180° on both sides of the vertical line, totaling about 360°. Each swing (2 × 360°) takes about 12s.
Test time: 10 min.
b. Sprinkler – type splashing test
Test conditions: Except for the following conditions, the same as those in item (3) IPX3 b.
Test time: The same as that in item (3) IPX3 b, that is, calculated according to the surface area of the tested sample shell, 1min per square meter (excluding the installation area) *at least 5min.
(5) IPX5
Method name: Water jet test
Test equipment: The inner diameter of the water spray port of the nozzle is 6.3mm;
Test conditions: The distance from the test sample to the water spray port is 2.5 – 3m, and the water flow is 12.5 L/min (750 L/h);
Test time: Calculated according to the surface area of the tested sample shell, 1min per square meter (excluding the installation area) *at least 3 min.
(6) IPX6
Method name: Intense water jet test;
Test equipment: The inner diameter of the water spray port of the nozzle is 12.5 mm;
Test conditions: The distance from the test sample to the water spray port is 2.5 – 3m, and the water flow is 100 L/min (6000 L/h);
Test time: Calculated according to the surface area of the tested sample shell, 1min per square meter (excluding the installation area) *at least 3min.
(7) IPX7
Method name: Short – term immersion test;
Test conditions: Immersion tank. Its size should be such that after the sample is put into the immersion tank, the distance from the bottom of the sample to the water surface is at least 1m. The distance from the top of the sample to the water surface is at least 0.15 m.
Test time: 30 min.
(8) IPX8
Method name: Continuous diving test;
Test equipment, test conditions and test time: Agreed upon by both the supplier and the buyer, and its severity should be higher than that of IPX7.
- Scope of waterproof grade protection
- Description:
- IPX0: No protection, no special protection against water or moisture.
- IPX1: Protection against dripping water, vertical dripping water (such as condensed water) will not damage electrical appliances.
- IPX2: When tilted at 15 degrees, it can still prevent dripping water from entering. When the electrical appliance is tilted from vertical to 15 degrees, dripping water will not damage the electrical appliance.
- IPX3: Protection against sprayed water, rainproof or preventing water sprayed from a direction with an angle less than 60 degrees from the vertical from invading the electrical appliance and causing damage.
- IPX4: Protection against splashing water, preventing water splashing from all directions from invading the electrical appliance and causing damage.
- IPX5: Protection against jetted water, preventing water jetted from nozzles in all directions from invading the electrical appliance and causing damage.
- IPX6: Protection against powerful jetted water, which can eliminate the harmful effects of powerful water jets from nozzles in all directions.
- IPX7: Protection against powerful jetted water. When the top is 0.15 – 1 meter away from the water surface for 30 consecutive minutes, it can ensure that the performance is not affected and there is no water leakage.
- IPX8: Protection against water immersion. When the top is 1.5 – 30 meters away from the water surface for 30 consecutive minutes, it can ensure that the performance is not affected and there is no water leakage.
- Dust – proof grade
- Scope of protection description:
- IP0X: No protection, no special protection against external people or objects.
- IP1X: Prevention of intrusion by solid foreign objects larger than 50mm, preventing the human body (such as palms) from accidentally touching the internal parts of the electrical appliance, and preventing intrusion by foreign objects with a larger size (diameter larger than 50mm).
- IP2X: Prevention of intrusion by solid foreign objects larger than 12.5mm, preventing human fingers from touching the internal parts of the electrical appliance, and preventing intrusion by foreign objects with a medium size (diameter larger than 12.5mm).
- IP3X: Prevention of intrusion by solid foreign objects larger than 2.5mm, preventing tools, wires and similar small foreign objects with a diameter or thickness larger than 2.5mm from intruding and touching the internal parts of the electrical appliance.
- IP4X: Prevention of intrusion by solid foreign objects larger than 1.0mm, preventing tools, wires and similar small foreign objects with a diameter or thickness larger than 1.0mm from intruding and touching the internal parts of the electrical appliance.
- IP5X: Prevention of foreign objects and dust. It can completely prevent foreign objects from intruding, and although it cannot completely prevent dust from intruding, the amount of intruding dust will not affect the normal operation of the electrical appliance.
- IP6X: Complete prevention of foreign objects and dust intrusion.